One bench, one pattern, one initiation sequence. Everything below is predicted from these numbers.
Horizontal, face to first row.
Drilled toward the face; the face is battered to match.
Heat of explosion, not ½ρVOD². ANFO 3.7, heavy ANFO 3.2–3.6, emulsion 2.9–3.4.
Bulking of the broken rock. Prescribed, not emergent.
One value per gap between rows, front to back. Leave blank to use the
inter-row delay everywhere. This is the tie-up sheet, and it is where cast is won or lost.
Direction the free face looks, and the direction the shot is meant to move.
Normal restitution on impact. Blasted rock is close to inelastic.
Tangential loss on impact. High values stop the muck where it lands.
Bench section
Burden direction, looking along the face.
0 ms
Plan view — throw directions
Arrow direction from the timing gradient; length and colour from the row's predicted throw.
Drag profile and the relief coupling
Left: how far material moved, by where it started up the bench. Right: what relief did to the launch.